Crypto State of Play
State of Play
Crypto State of Play
The house verdict on where this frontier stands.
Time-sensitiveUpdated

Market
The market
Bitcoin traded at $81,286 and Ether at $2,374 at 08:34 UTC on 15 October. CoinGecko valued the whole crypto market at about $2.71tn in its separately timed global snapshot. Bitcoin stood about 36% below its October 2025 record.
- $81,286
- BTC · 15 Oct, 08:34 UTC
- $2,374
- ETH · 15 Oct, 08:34 UTC
- -36%
- BTC from record
- 15 OctBitcoin traded at $81,286 and Ether at $2,374 at 08:34 UTC on 15 October. CoinGecko valued the whole crypto market at about $2.71tn in its separately timed global snapshot. Bitcoin stood about 36% below its October 2025 record. Read more →
- 13 OctBitcoin traded at $82,281 and Ether at $2,456 at 01:46 UTC on 13 October. CoinGecko valued the whole crypto market at about $2.78tn in its separately timed global snapshot. Bitcoin stood about 35% below its October 2025 record. Read more →
- 11 OctBitcoin traded at $82,976 and Ether at $2,500 at 09:43 UTC on 11 October. CoinGecko valued the whole crypto market at about $2.79tn in its separately timed global snapshot. Bitcoin stood about 34% below its October 2025 record. Read more →
- 10 OctBitcoin traded at $83,008 and Ether at $2,506 at 22:44 UTC on 10 October. CoinGecko valued the whole crypto market at about $2.82tn in its separately timed global snapshot. Bitcoin stood about 34% below its October 2025 record. Read more →
- 8 OctBitcoin traded at $82,569 and Ether at $2,544 at 11:06 UTC on 8 October. CoinGecko valued the whole crypto market at about $2.80tn in its separately timed global snapshot. Bitcoin stood about 35% below its October 2025 record. Read more →
- 5 OctBitcoin traded at $85,448 and Ether at $2,708 at 18:18 UTC on 5 October. CoinGecko valued the whole crypto market at about $2.92tn in its separately timed global snapshot. Bitcoin stood about 32% below its October 2025 record. Read more →
- 4 OctA vault on Base loses about $6m in six transfers of Aave receipt tokens. The controlling Safe accepted three owner signatures on the preceding permission calls. The incident concerns the vault and its approved contract. Read more →
- 2 OctAs of 14:19 UTC, Bitcoin was $86,290 and Ether $2,734, up 2.9% and 1.6% in 24 hours; CoinGecko's global read at 14:13 UTC puts the whole market at $2.938tn, down 0.5% on the day. Bitcoin sits about 32% below its $126,080 peak of 6 October 2025.
- 27 SepAs of 00:53 UTC, Bitcoin was $84,309 and Ether $2,693, up 0.5% and 0.2% in 24 hours; CoinGecko's global read at 00:49 UTC puts the whole market at $2.899tn. Bitcoin sits about a third below its $126,080 peak of 6 October 2025.
- 26 SepBitget sets a phased return of withdrawals after the 24 September hack: Bitcoin from 08:00 UTC on 28 September, ETH on Ethereum and four other networks on 29 September, USDT on 30 September, and every other token, fiat and P2P from 2 October. Its recovery bounty, opened on 25 September, pays 5% of any stolen funds frozen, and 5% of any recovered, to whoever's voluntary action directly led to it (Bitget). Read more →
- 23 SepHyperliquid's HYPE sets a new record of $97.96 at 05:16 UTC, CoinGecko's dated all-time high, above the $89.60 mark of 6 September; on 27 September it trades at $92.73, about 5% below the record. Read more →
- 18 SepAs of 18:19 UTC, Bitcoin was $80,822 and Ether $2,604, up 5.4% and 5.9% in 24 hours; CoinGecko's global read at 18:27 UTC puts the whole market at $2.772tn, up 2.2% on the day.
- 16 SepThe FOMC raises the federal funds target range 25 basis points to 3¾-4 per cent on a 12-0 vote. The same-day projections put the median rate at 4.1% for both end-2026 and end-2027, with PCE inflation at 3.7% this year easing to 2.3% next (federalreserve.gov). Read more →
- 15 SepAs of 17:09 UTC, Bitcoin was $76,224 and Ether $2,416, down 3.2% and 4.3% in 24 hours; CoinGecko's global read at 17:13 UTC puts the whole market at $2.615tn. The FOMC decision, with fresh projections, lands on 16 September (federalreserve.gov).
- 10 SepCoinGecko’s source timestamp is 02:55 UTC: Bitcoin $78,327, Ether $2,474. Prices and 24-hour comparisons can change after this snapshot. Read more →
- 8 SepCoinGecko’s timestamped price response puts Bitcoin at $78,664 and Ether at $2,492. The figures describe this snapshot and move with the market. Read more →
- 5 SepBitcoin trades near $79,600 and Ether near $2,453, down about 1.4% and 1.9% in 24 hours (CoinGecko, 02:22 UTC), and the whole market stands near $2.70tn, above its pre-Warsh level. The main chain runs 3,919 blocks past the fork point with hashrate inside its one-month band and the next difficulty change expected at about +1.19% (mempool.space).
- 29 AugBitcoin trades near $77,700 and Ether near $2,434, down about 2% and 3% in 24 hours (CoinGecko, 13:44 UTC), and the whole market stands near $2.64tn. The main chain runs 2,945 blocks past the fork point with hashrate inside its one-month band (mempool.space).
- 28 AugKevin Warsh gives his first Jackson Hole keynote as Fed chair, titled 'In Our Time', and commits to no rate path; risk assets sell off and Bitcoin ends the desk's evening snapshot 3.5% down at $77,430. The next FOMC decision is 15-16 September, with fresh projections (federalreserve.gov).
- 23 AugThe first downward difficulty change since the fork, and an ordinary one: -1.31%, at block 963,648 (mempool.space).
- 22 AugBitcoin trades near $77,400 and Ether near $2,435, up about 3% and 4% in 24 hours (the desk snapshot at 06:54 UTC), and the whole market stands near $2.69tn. The main chain runs 1,888 blocks past the fork point with hashrate inside its one-month band (mempool.space).
- 21 AugBitcoin trades near $77,100 and Ether near $2,385, up about 7% and 4% in 24 hours (CoinGecko, 13:04 UTC), and the whole market stands near $2.62tn. The main chain runs 1,827 blocks past the fork point with hashrate inside its one-month band (mempool.space).
- 19-20 AugThe ETF inflow run accelerates: roughly $517m net on the 19th and $606m on the 20th, the month's heaviest day, IBIT taking $503m of it (Farside data).
- 17-18 AugThe spot Bitcoin ETFs turn: roughly $298m of net inflows on the 17th and $189m on the 18th, IBIT taking over half of each, after five flat-to-down sessions from 10 August (Farside data).
- 14 AugSix days after the BIP-110 split at block 961,632, the main chain has extended more than 800 blocks past the fork point with hashrate steady (mempool.space). No disruption inside the network. Read more →
- 11 AugRevolut's app starts selling $ZAMA, a token with an optional confidential mode, to its 70 million users. The EU's 2027 money-laundering rulebook describes exactly that feature, and the ban catches coins where the privacy is optional. Read more →
- StandingBitcoin remains well below the October 2025 peak, and no failure inside the network caused it.
- StandingEther traded about 49% below its August 2025 peak in the 8 October snapshot. Its fees, settlement activity and upgrade progress each need separate checks.
Stablecoins
Digital dollars
DefiLlama’s 15 October daily series records $307.24bn across all stablecoin pegs, including $305.52bn in dollar-pegged tokens. Circle’s published timetable places Noble in its redemption-only Circle Mint period from 13 October to 12 January 2027. Existing USDC remains transferable until the January pause.
- $307.24bn
- all pegs · 15 Oct
- $305.52bn
- USD pegs · 15 Oct
- 12 Jan 2027
- Noble redemption deadline
- 15 OctDefiLlama’s 15 October daily series records $307.24bn across all stablecoin pegs, including $305.52bn in dollar-pegged tokens. Circle’s published timetable places Noble in its redemption-only Circle Mint period from 13 October to 12 January 2027. Existing USDC remains transferable until the January pause. Read more →
- 13 OctDefiLlama’s 13 October daily series records $312.72bn across all stablecoin pegs, including $311.03bn in dollar-pegged tokens. Circle’s published schedule ends new USDC minting on Noble through Circle Mint on 13 October; redemptions continue through 12 January 2027. Read more →
- 11 OctDefiLlama’s 11 October daily series records $312.78bn across all stablecoin pegs, including $311.07bn in dollar-pegged tokens. Circle will stop new USDC minting on Noble through Circle Mint on 13 October; redemptions remain scheduled through 12 January 2027. Read more →
- 10 OctStablecoins were worth $312.67bn in DefiLlama’s 10 October daily record, including $310.97bn of dollar-pegged tokens. Circle will stop new USDC minting on Noble through Circle Mint on 13 October; redemptions remain scheduled through 12 January 2027. Read more →
- 8 OctCircle’s scheduled 13 October end of new USDC minting on Noble through Circle Mint. Redemptions continue to 12 January 2027; CCTP V1 burn limits start reducing on 31 October. Read more →
- 8 OctStablecoins were worth $313.98bn in DefiLlama’s 8 October daily record, including $312.28bn of dollar-pegged tokens. Circle will stop new USDC minting on Noble through Circle Mint on 13 October; its published timetable keeps redemptions open until 12 January 2027. Read more →
- 5 OctStablecoins were worth $313.88bn in DefiLlama's 5 October daily record, including $312.18bn of dollar-pegged tokens. Tether's USDT and Circle's USDC remain the two largest. US issuers supervised by the Federal Reserve have until 30 November to comment on its proposed GENIUS Act rules. Read more →
- 2 OctDefiLlama's 2 October record puts stablecoins at $313.17bn across all pegs and the dollar-pegged category at $311.48bn. USDT stands at $184.14bn and USDC at $74.06bn, $1.34bn below the $75.40bn read on 27 September. Read more →
- 27 SepDefiLlama's stablecoin count, read on 27 September, puts stablecoins at $313.20bn across all pegs and the dollar-pegged category at $311.60bn, with USDT at $183.91bn and USDC at $75.40bn. DefiLlama has since revised its daily series, which now reads $309.39bn and $307.80bn for 26 September. Read more →
- 24 SepThe Federal Reserve Board proposes GENIUS Act rules for the stablecoin issuers it supervises, requiring full backing with short-term Treasury bills and other high-quality liquid assets plus standardised capital, and sets an application process for Board-supervised banks that want to issue one; comments run 60 days from Federal Register publication (federalreserve.gov). Read more →
- 24 SepSeven UK banks, Barclays, HSBC UK, Lloyds Banking Group, Monzo, Nationwide, NatWest and Santander, complete the first live customer transactions in tokenised sterling deposits on the Quant-built GBTD platform: two remortgages with funds released automatically at completion, and a marketplace purchase with funds locked until the goods changed hands (UK Finance). Read more →
- 21 SepThe Eurosystem launches Pontes, settling wholesale tokenised-asset trades in central bank money through TARGET. Thirteen market participants, including Deutsche Bank, Santander and Société Générale, and four DLT operators, Axiology, Cashlink, Clearstream and SWIAT, have completed onboarding (ECB). Read more →
- 18 SepSumming all currency categories in DefiLlama’s totalCirculatingUSD field gives $311.10bn, with the dollar-pegged category at $309.49bn, a pullback of about a quarter of a per cent that began on 16 September. Tronscan reads USDT total supply on Tron at $94.22bn and DefiLlama the Ethereum side at $88.31bn, level with the 15 September reads. Read more →
- 16 SepCircle's Arc mainnet opens to the public on schedule, with eleven founding validators running the network. The genesis ARC mint is, in Circle's words, 'an important technical milestone', and the token itself was presold to institutions in May. Read more →
- 15 SepSumming all currency categories in DefiLlama’s totalCirculatingUSD field gives $311.88bn, with the dollar-pegged category at $310.29bn. Tronscan reads USDT total supply on Tron at $94.26bn and DefiLlama the Ethereum side at $88.31bn, both level with the 4 September reads. Read more →
- 8 SepCircle agrees to acquire Tazapay, the Singapore-based cross-border payments platform, extending its payments infrastructure into merchant collections across Asia. Terms undisclosed (Circle's own release). Read more →
- 10 SepSumming all currency categories in DefiLlama’s totalCirculatingUSD field gives $311.82bn. Its USD-pegged category accounts for $310.24bn. These market values differ from tokens’ face-value supply. Read more →
- 8 SepSumming every currency in DefiLlama’s totalCirculatingUSD field gives $311.69bn. Its dollar-pegged tokens account for $310.11bn; the remaining value includes other currency pegs. Read more →
- 4 SepTron holds $94.27bn of USDT total supply against Ethereum's $88.31bn, read off both contracts; DefiLlama's same-day snapshot matches Tronscan to the dollar and puts Tron's net circulating figure near $92.3bn (Tronscan; DefiLlama). Read more →
- 28 AugCircle becomes Chelsea FC's principal partner and front-of-shirt sponsor from the 2026/27 season, with Circle and USDC branding on the men's, women's and academy shirts, first worn at home to Brighton on 30 August. Terms undisclosed (club and company announcements).
- 21 AugFinCEN's proposed customer identification rule for permitted stablecoin issuers closes its comment period. Elsewhere in the GENIUS rulebook, the OCC's licensing forms take comment to 25 September and Treasury's first rule to 19 October (Federal Register).
- 17-18 AugThe US Treasury proposes its first rule under the GENIUS Act, covering who may issue, offer and sell payment stablecoins; it reached the Federal Register on 18 August and comment runs to 19 October.
- 15 AugThe OCC gives World Liberty's trust bank preliminary conditional approval, on the same terms seven other crypto firms have already been given since December 2025. Read more →
- 13 AugTether says KPMG has completed the first full audit of its 2025 financial statements with an unqualified opinion, reserves exceeding liabilities by $6.8bn on the company's figure, gold bars physically inspected.
- 12 AugCircle's cirBTC goes live on Ethereum: an institutional wrapped bitcoin, 1:1 backed, held at Circle National Trust Bank, the company says.
- 5 AugCircle reports Q2: USDC circulation at $73.3bn, up 19% in a year, and final OCC approval for Circle National Trust, one of the first national trust charters for a stablecoin issuer.
- 4 AugWestern Union launches Stablecard: a wallet and Visa card spending its USDPT stablecoin, issued by Anchorage Digital Bank and built on Solana, live in 37 markets at launch.
- StandingDigital dollars in circulation stand at $311.48bn on DefiLlama's 2 October count, though June's $7.7bn fall was the largest monthly drop since Terra collapsed in 2022.
- StandingThe US GENIUS Act is law, and its rulebook has moved from drafting to formal proposals at Treasury, the OCC and the Federal Reserve.
DeFi
DeFi protocols held $88.32bn in DefiLlama’s daily record for 15 October. Uniswap’s Arc fee expansion was executed on 5 October. Solana’s 200-millisecond slot target took effect on mainnet on 9 October.
- $88.32bn
- DeFi value locked · 15 Oct
- 200 ms
- Solana slot target
- 5 Oct
- Uniswap Arc execution
- 15 OctDeFi protocols held $88.32bn in DefiLlama’s daily record for 15 October. Uniswap’s Arc fee expansion was executed on 5 October. Solana’s 200-millisecond slot target took effect on mainnet on 9 October. Read more →
- 13 OctDeFi protocols held $90.26bn in DefiLlama’s daily record for 13 October. Uniswap’s Arc fee expansion was executed on 5 October. Solana’s 200-millisecond slot target took effect on mainnet on 9 October, halving its former 400-millisecond interval. Read more →
- 11 OctDeFi protocols held $91.90bn in DefiLlama’s daily record for 11 October. Uniswap’s Arc fee expansion was executed on 5 October. Solana’s 200-millisecond slot target took effect on mainnet on 9 October, halving its former 400-millisecond interval. Read more →
- 10 OctDeFi protocols held $92.27bn in DefiLlama’s daily record for 10 October. Uniswap’s Arc fee expansion was executed on 5 October. Solana’s 200-millisecond slot target took effect on mainnet on 9 October, halving its former 400-millisecond interval. Read more →
- 8 OctDeFi protocols held $92.96bn in DefiLlama’s daily record for 8 October. Uniswap executed its Arc protocol-fee proposal on 5 October. Alchemy confirms Glamsterdam activated on Sepolia on 6 October at 13:53:36 UTC; Hoodi and mainnet dates remain to be announced. Read more →
- 5 OctDeFi protocols held $96.16bn in DefiLlama’s daily record for 5 October. Uniswap executed its proposal to collect protocol fees on Circle’s Arc chain that day, following a vote of 46.26m UNI in favour and zero against. Ethereum’s next scheduled step is the Glamsterdam upgrade on the Sepolia test network on 6 October at 13:53 UTC. Read more →
- 2 OctUniswap's Proposal 102, extending protocol fees and the UNI burn to Circle's Arc chain, has 46.26m UNI for and none against at 14:30 UTC, past the 40m quorum. Voting opened on 27 September and is due to close at 03:03 UTC on 3 October. Read more →
- 1 OctDefiLlama's daily record puts total value locked across DeFi at $94.76bn. Read more →
- 1 OctThe third quarter ends with Solana's Alpenglow consensus active on testnet and devnet. The Solana Foundation's upgrade page lists mainnet activation as pending, against a Q3 2026 target on Anza's v4.3 release schedule that has now passed. Read more →
- 27 SepUniswap's Proposal 102, 'Protocol Fee Expansion: Arc', is on-chain with voting set to open on 27 September: it would extend fee collection and the UNI burn to Circle's Arc chain and switch on v2, v3 and v4 protocol fees there. The proposal counts eleven chains beyond Ethereum mainnet already collecting fees. Read more →
- 26 SepDefiLlama's daily record puts total value locked across DeFi at $95.28bn, up from $87.24bn on 27 August. Read more →
- 25 SepAnza confirms Solana's Alpenglow consensus is running on devnet from slot 504,148,999, retiring TowerBFT there a day after testnet; mainnet-beta follows an observation period (Anza). Read more →
- 18 SepBlockstream’s status page lists the Liquid Public Bridge Nodes operational, with no incidents reported between 14 and 18 September. Read more →
- 15 SepBlockstream’s status page lists the Liquid Public Bridge Nodes operational, with no incidents reported between 11 and 15 September; the outages still shown on the page belong to other Blockstream products. Read more →
- 10 SepBlockstream’s status page continues to list an active Liquid security incident affecting Public Bridge Nodes. Its notice says the bridge nodes were disabled; the reported reserve return does not by itself establish resumed redemptions. Read more →
- 8 SepThe Bitcoin return transaction is confirmed in block 965,950. SideSwap attributes the L-BTC used for the peg-out to an Elements software bug. Recovery of reserves and resumption of redemptions are separate milestones. Read more →
- Early AugThree further fee-activation proposals, covering v2 and v3 deployments across Ethereum, Base, Arbitrum and more, enter Uniswap governance to feed the same burn.
- 27 JulProposals 99 and 100 execute: v4 protocol fees go live on seven chains including Robinhood Chain, 46.6M UNI voting for against 1.3M opposed.
- DiaryEthereum's Glamsterdam upgrade forks the Sepolia testnet at epoch 353,024, 13:53:36 UTC on 6 October; the Ethereum Foundation says the Hoodi and mainnet dates are still to be decided, and ethereum.org expects mainnet in the fourth quarter of 2026. Read more →
- StandingRobinhood Chain pushed $6bn of swaps through its first fortnight.
- JuneUniswap's fee switch is live: protocol fees buy and burn UNI, a record 186,000 of them in a single day.
Rules
The rules
Applications for the full UK crypto regime opened on 30 September and close on 28 February 2027. In the US, the Federal Reserve’s proposed stablecoin rules are open for comment until 30 November. The SEC’s 1 October custody proposal would expand the ways funds and investment advisers can hold crypto; it remains a proposal.
- 28 Feb 2027
- UK application window closes
- 30 Nov
- Fed GENIUS comments due
- Proposed
- SEC crypto custody rules
- 1 OctThe SEC proposes custody rules for investment advisers and regulated funds holding crypto: an adviser could hold a client's crypto itself when it finds no permitted custodian is available, re-checked quarterly, keeping each client's assets at addresses holding only that client's crypto and requiring two people to authorise any transaction, and state trust companies could serve as custodians. Comments run 60 days from Federal Register publication (sec.gov). Read more →
- 1 OctNew York's Department of Financial Services and Wyoming's Division of Banking sign a memorandum of understanding on virtual currency and digital asset firms: shared licensing analysis for firms applying in both states, coordinated examination schedules working towards joint exams, and protocols for sharing supervisory reports and notice of potential enforcement actions (dfs.ny.gov). Read more →
- 30 SepThe FCA opens its gateway: crypto firms can now apply for authorisation under the full UK regime through its Connect system, and firms that intend to keep operating in the UK should apply by 28 February 2027, ahead of commencement on 25 October 2027 (fca.org.uk). Read more →
- 30 SepESMA answers the Commission's MiCA review consultation on the day it closes, asking for stricter rules on crypto marketing by influencers and third parties, powers to block fraudulent websites and freeze crypto assets, explicit rules stopping regulated firms offering services linked to stablecoins outside MiCA, clearer criteria for what counts as genuinely decentralised, a new regulated service for firms giving access to DeFi protocols, and binding ESMA opinions on token classification (ESMA75-113276571-1721). Read more →
- 30 SepTreasury issues an interim final rule, in force the same day, on how the Stablecoin Certification Review Committee will approve or deny state regulators' certifications under the GENIUS Act; certifications are accepted only after Paperwork Reduction Act approval, and comments close on 30 November 2026 (Federal Register). Read more →
- 30 SepOFAC designates ten targets tied to Tren de Aragua, among them an ATM jackpotting network Treasury says launders its proceeds through cryptocurrency; seven of the new sanctions entries list Tron addresses, and Treasury cites $40.73m of reported US jackpotting losses across more than 1,500 attacks to August 2025 (ofac.treasury.gov). Read more →
- 29 SepThe Federal Reserve's two GENIUS Act proposals are published in the Federal Register with comments due by 30 November 2026. The main rule carries a rebuttable presumption, taken from the OCC's March draft, that an issuer paying yield through an affiliate or related third party is breaking the yield ban (Federal Register). Read more →
- 29 SepHong Kong's government prices about HK$20bn (roughly $2.6bn) of digital green bonds in Hong Kong dollar, renminbi, US dollar and euro tranches on HSBC Orion, and the HKMA says the Hong Kong dollar tranche is the world's first digital bond to settle with tokenised deposits, through its Ensemble TX platform (hkma.gov.hk). Read more →
- 25 SepThe SEC's Division of Corporation Finance issues nine staff answers on crypto assets: once a network is functional, announcing a token buyback, or funding its maintenance and upgrades, sits outside the managerial effort the Howey test looks for; before that point, a buyback presented as yield for holders could count. The answers are staff guidance (sec.gov). Read more →
- 25 SepThe OCC's 60-day comment period on its GENIUS Act application forms for stablecoin issuers closes; a second notice with a 30-day comment period follows (Federal Register). Read more →
- 24 SepThe Federal Reserve Board proposes two GENIUS Act rules for the stablecoin issuers it supervises: full backing with short-term Treasury bills and other high-quality liquid assets, standardised capital and risk-management requirements and custody rules, plus an application process for Board-supervised banks that want to issue. Comments close 60 days after Federal Register publication (federalreserve.gov). Read more →
- 24 SepCFTC staff update their crypto FAQs: futures brokers and clearing houses may invest customer funds in tokenised forms of assets they are already permitted to hold, and registered firms may keep required records on a blockchain. The 73 registered futures brokers held $666.5bn of customer funds on 31 July 2026 (cftc.gov). Read more →
- 17 SepTreasury's OFAC designates Tehran-based BITBANK and Pishtaz Simorgh Electronic Trade Company under a release titled 'Operation Economic Outcast Disrupts Digital Asset Exchange Enabling the Iranian Regime'; the designation record classifies both under financial and insurance activities (ofac.treasury.gov). Read more →
- 16 SepThe FCA publishes PS26/18, its cryptoasset perimeter guidance: five regulated activities from issuing qualifying stablecoins to arranging staking, the 30 September to 28 February application window confirmed, commencement on 25 October 2027, and developing software stays outside the perimeter on its own. Read more →
- 15 SepThe Senate votes 49-50 against cloture on the motion to proceed to the CLARITY Act, short of the 60 needed. Collins, Hawley, Moran and Tillis vote no, with Tillis switching to preserve a motion to reconsider, filed at 3:01pm the same day (dailypress.senate.gov). Read more →
- 15 SepThe UK Financial Services and Markets Bill completes Lords third reading and has its Commons first reading the same day; second reading is to be scheduled (bills.parliament.uk). Read more →
- 14 SepSEC chairman Paul Atkins tells the Solana Policy Institute summit that Congress should pass the CLARITY Act 'as soon as possible', and frames Project Crypto as the agency's own rulebook effort, 'built rule by rule on a lawful foundation' (sec.gov). Read more →
- 14 SepLummis, Boozman and Scott release the final CLARITY Act substitute text ahead of the cloture vote: 126 changes made at Democrats' request, with the Tillis-Gallego ethics language folded in and a role for state attorneys general in enforcement. Read more →
- 10 SepESMA's second 2026 risk report holds market, contagion and operational risk at their highest classification and flags 'the growing linkage between increasingly vulnerable crypto-asset markets and the broader financial system', with recent DeFi exploits renewing spillover concerns. Read more →
- 9 SepThe Lords complete report stage: a new clause requiring the Treasury to publish a digital-assets strategy within 12 months of Royal Assent passes 194 to 138, and the government amendments creating the Bank's secondary innovation objective are agreed without a division (Hansard). Read more →
- 10 SepParliament’s stage record lists Lords third reading for 15 September following report stage from 7 September. The proposed legislation remains subject to the remaining parliamentary process. Read more →
- 7 SepParliament records the start of report stage on 7 September, following committee stage from 22 June. The earlier calendar entry is now a completed stage-start milestone. Read more →
- 27 AugHM Treasury announces a new secondary statutory objective for the Bank of England: supporting innovation in payment systems and digital money, stablecoins included, via government amendments to the Financial Services and Markets Bill. The Lords debate them on 7 and 9 September, financial stability stays primary, and the Bank will report annually to Parliament (gov.uk).
- 21 AugRegulation Crypto Assets is published in the Federal Register; public comment closes 20 October 2026 (SEC's own rulemaking page).
- 20 AugThe CFTC's Innovation Advisory Committee holds its inaugural meeting: 43 industry members in Washington, the commodities regulator moving while Congress waits, with Mike Selig styled chairman in the commission's own follow-up release. Read more →
- 18 AugThe SEC proposes Regulation Crypto Assets: 402 pages, approved 3-0 by Atkins, Peirce and Uyeda, the full current roster of a five-seat commission, five days after cancelling the meeting called to vote on it. Two fundraising tiers at $20m and $75m a year, a one-time $5m startup exemption, and a safe harbour once an issuer's promised work is finished or ceased. Read more →
- 15 AugThe SEC pulls its 14 August open meeting the day before, cancelling the vote on proposing Regulation Crypto Assets; the tokenisation exemption is reported delayed again. Read more →
- 11 AugCoinbase opens crypto derivatives to UK professional investors: futures, perpetuals and options across more than 170 contracts at up to 50x leverage, on the MiFID permission won in July. The 2021 ban still keeps every retail saver out. Read more →
- 8 AugSenate Majority Leader Thune files cloture on the motion to proceed to the CLARITY Act, and the chamber leaves for recess without voting. The motion ripens at 2:15pm on 15 September.
- DiaryUS comment deadlines: Treasury's GENIUS Act issuance rule closes on 19 October, the SEC's Regulation Crypto Assets on 20 October, and the Fed's GENIUS proposals and Treasury's certification-committee rule on 30 November; the SEC custody proposal runs 60 days from a Federal Register date still to come. Read more →
- DiaryThe FCA's application window runs to 11:59pm on 28 February 2027, with full commencement on 25 October 2027; the Senate returns on 9 November with Tillis's motion to reconsider CLARITY pending; and Singapore's MAS consultation on stablecoin amendments to the Payment Services Act closes on 16 October. Read more →
- DiaryThe Bank of England's systemic stablecoin consultation closed on 22 September: individual holding limits are dropped in favour of a temporary £40bn per-coin issuance guardrail, with the Code of Practice due to be finalised by end-2026. The innovation objective announced on 27 August will sit above the same regime once the Bill passes. Read more →
- StandingRegulation Crypto Assets is a proposal rather than law until comment closes and a final rule is voted. Europe's MiCA is fully in force.
Flows
The flows
US spot Bitcoin ETFs received $21.1m on 9 October, while the week ended with $678.9m in net outflows. Cumulative net inflows stood at $57.18bn. Strategy’s latest reported holdings remain 848,000 BTC on 4 October; Bitmine reported 6,016,414 ETH for the same date.
- +$21.1m
- Bitcoin ETF flows · 9 Oct
- -$678.9m
- Bitcoin ETF flows · 5–9 Oct
- 848,000 BTC
- Strategy · 4 Oct
- 14 OctUS spot Bitcoin ETFs recorded $261.4m of net outflows. The three completed sessions from 12 to 14 October totalled $151.1m of outflows. Read more →
- 10 OctUS spot Bitcoin ETFs received $21.1m on 9 October, while the week ended with $678.9m in net outflows. Cumulative net inflows stood at $57.18bn. Strategy’s latest reported holdings remain 848,000 BTC on 4 October; Bitmine reported 6,016,414 ETH for the same date. Read more →
- 8 OctRWA.xyz’s distributed asset value reached $38.88bn, excluding stablecoins, down 0.99% over 30 days. Read more →
- 8 OctUS spot Bitcoin ETFs lost $484.9m on 7 October, leaving cumulative net inflows of $57.40bn. Ether ETFs lost $160.9m that day, leaving $13.42bn of cumulative inflows. Those are the latest completed rows in Farside’s tables. Strategy reported 848,000 BTC held on 4 October; Bitmine reported 6,016,414 ETH for the same date. Read more →
- 5 OctUS spot Bitcoin ETFs took in $189.9m on 2 October, bringing cumulative net inflows to $57.86bn. Ether ETFs lost $37.4m that day, leaving cumulative inflows of $13.83bn. Those are the latest completed rows in Farside’s tables. Strategy’s 5 October filing reports another 334 BTC bought, taking its holdings to 848,000 BTC. Read more →
- 1 OctUS spot Bitcoin ETFs take a net $102.7m on 1 October, IBIT adding $195.6m while FBTC lost $60.7m and GBTC $31.4m. Cumulative net flow since launch stands at $57,667m (Farside). Read more →
- 1 OctUS spot Ether ETFs post a third straight outflow day, -$55.4m on 1 October after -$2.8m and -$59.6m, following a seven-session inflow run worth $850.6m from 18 to 28 September. Cumulative net flow stands at $13,868m (Farside). Read more →
- 30 SepThe spot Bitcoin ETFs' inflow run ends at nine sessions worth $3,075.5m, from 17 to 29 September, with a net -$148.7m on 30 September, $125.6m of it from FBTC. The 28 and 29 September rows added $31.0m and $66.2m (Farside). Read more →
- 30 SepStrategy holds the dividend rate on its STRC preferred stock at 12.00% for periods from 16 October, and its special meeting on moving STRC to daily dividend record dates is set for 28 October (SEC EDGAR). Read more →
- 28 SepStrategy's 8-K for 21 to 27 September records 1,665 BTC bought for $142.7m at an average $85,681, taking holdings to 847,666 BTC, bought for $63.95bn in all at an average $75,437 and worth about $73.15bn at CoinGecko's $86,290 at 14:19 UTC on 2 October. It also spent $151.7m repurchasing 1,534,530 STRC preferred shares (SEC EDGAR). Read more →
- 28 SepBitMine says its Ether treasury has passed 6 million: 6,001,302 ETH as of 27 September, about $16.19bn at the $2,698 Coinbase price it uses and 4.9% of the 122.1 million supply, inside $17.2bn of total crypto, cash and other holdings. It bought 17,362 ETH, about $46.8m at the same price, in the week (SEC exhibit). Read more →
- 25 SepFarside's rows for 15 to 25 September show US spot Bitcoin ETFs turning from two outflow days, -$450.4m and -$295.9m, to seven straight inflow sessions worth $2,978.3m, led by $999.0m on 21 September, the heaviest day since 6 October 2025 and the largest of 2026. The funds' cumulative net flow stands at $57,616m. Read more →
- 25 SepUS spot Ether ETFs run from three outflow days, -$142.0m, -$224.1m and -$39.3m on 15 to 17 September, to six straight inflow sessions worth $833.5m, the strongest $270.0m on 21 September, their heaviest day since 7 October 2025. Cumulative net flow stands at $13,969m (Farside). Read more →
- 21 SepStrategy's 8-K for 14 to 20 September records 950 BTC bought for $75.7m at an average $79,670, taking holdings to 846,000 BTC, bought for $63.80bn in all at an average $75,416. It also spent $174.0m repurchasing STRC preferred shares and ends the week with $5.04bn in its USD reserve and $1.05bn of cash (SEC EDGAR). Read more →
- 21 SepBitMine says its Ether treasury has reached 5,983,940 ETH as of 20 September, about $16.08bn at the $2,688 Coinbase price it uses and 4.9% of the 122.1 million supply, inside $17.1bn of total crypto, cash and other holdings; 5,067,309 ETH, $13.6bn at the same price, is staked (SEC exhibit). Read more →
- 18 SepGrayscale's Zcash ETF, ZCSH, announces a 3-for-1 forward share split: holders of record at the 28 September close receive two extra shares for each one on 29 September, and the shares trade on the split basis from the open on 30 September (SEC EDGAR). Read more →
- 18 SepSEC EDGAR's filing feed for Strategy shows the 14 September 8-K still the latest at the 18 September check; holdings stand at 845,050 BTC at an average $75,412. Read more →
- 15 SepFarside's completed rows for 8-12 September show Bitcoin net flows of -$46.6m, -$120.2m, -$282.7m and -$13.2m, then +$159.9m on the 14th; Ether funds run -$24.3m, +$34.7m, -$29.9m, +$216.4m and +$121.1m over the same sessions. Read more →
- 14 SepStrategy's 8-K for 8-13 September records no bitcoin purchases or sales and no ATM share sales: holdings hold at 845,050 BTC at an average $75,412, with $5.10bn in the USD reserve, $1.30bn of cash and $139.3m spent repurchasing 1.42 million STRC preferred shares (SEC EDGAR). Read more →
- 6 SepHyperliquid's HYPE sets a new record $89.60, CoinGecko's dated all-time high, nine days after the $86.71 mark; at the 15 September check it trades near $76.60, about 15% below the record.
- 10 SepFarside records $46.6m of Bitcoin ETF net outflows on 8 September. The 9 September row still has an unreported IBIT cell, preventing a complete daily comparison. Read more →
- 10 SepEther ETFs recorded $24.3m of net outflows on 8 September. The 9 September ETHA and ETHB cells were still unreported at the check; a dash is not a confirmed zero. Read more →
- 8 SepZCSH passes $500m of assets two weeks after its NYSE Arca debut: about $100m came from DCG, paid in 85,705.33 ZEC through an authorised participant, and more than $70m from other inflows. ZCSH options start trading on NYSE Arca the same day (Grayscale, SEC EDGAR). Read more →
- 8 SepEther funds recorded $87.6m, $8.6m, -$48.2m, $141.4m and $25.9m over the same five sessions, a net $215.3m. Read more →
- 8 SepFarside lists BTC net flows of $216.7m, -$236.5m, $101.1m, $730.8m and $174.6m across 31 August–4 September. The $730.8m day is the largest in that window. The unreported 8 September row is excluded. Read more →
- 3 SepFarside records net inflows of $730.8m into US spot Bitcoin ETFs and $141.4m into Ether ETFs for this session.
- 31 AugStrategy's 8-K records 4,603 BTC bought between 24 and 30 August for $369.7m at an average of $80,318, the first purchases in three weeks, taking holdings to 845,050 BTC at an average cost of $75,412, with about $6.7bn of dollar liquidity (SEC EDGAR).
- 29 AugBitcoin trades near $77,700 and Ether near $2,434, down about 2% and 3% in 24 hours (CoinGecko, 13:44 UTC); the total market stands near $2.64tn, down from $2.69tn a week earlier.
- 28 AugThe run ends on the day of the Warsh speech: $201.9m net leaves the spot Bitcoin ETFs, the first outflow day since 14 August, with ARKB leading the selling; the spot ETH funds still add $102.1m (Farside data).
- 27 AugHyperliquid's HYPE sets a record $86.71 before retracing to about $81.57, below the old $82.43 mark, while the spot ETH funds take $225.8m, their heaviest day of August (CoinGecko; Farside data).
- 24-27 AugFour more inflow days, $337.6m, $314.3m, $232.2m and $242.3m, stretch the spot Bitcoin ETFs' run to nine straight sessions and about $3.04bn since 17 August (Farside data).
- 25 AugGrayscale's Zcash ETF begins trading on NYSE Arca as ZCSH, four days after the fifth S-3 amendment; Grayscale calls it the first exchange-traded product anywhere to offer spot exposure to ZEC (SEC EDGAR). Read more →
- 24 AugStrategy's weekly 8-K shows a second straight week without bitcoin purchases: 840,447 BTC held at an average cost of $75,385, $2,006.5m raised selling MSTR shares, and $6.69bn of dollar liquidity across two designated pools (SEC EDGAR).
- 24 AugBitMine says its Ether treasury has reached 5,847,611 ETH, 4.8% of the whole supply on the company's own figures, inside $14.9bn of total crypto and cash as of 23 August; more than 5 million of those ETH are staked (SEC exhibit).
- 22 AugBitcoin trades near $77,400 and Ether near $2,435, up about 3% and 4% in 24 hours (the desk snapshot at 06:54 UTC); the total market stands near $2.69tn.
- 21 AugThe 21st finalises far higher than its early tally once IBIT posts: $307.5m net into the spot Bitcoin funds, $239.3m of it IBIT, and $184m into the spot ETH funds (Farside data).
- 21 AugGrayscale files its fifth S-3 amendment for the Grayscale Zcash Trust, renaming it The Zcash ETF for a planned NYSE Arca listing under ZCSH, with a Coinbase entity as custodian. A filing, not an approval, and no listing date is set (SEC EDGAR).
- 21 AugBitcoin trades near $77,100 and Ether near $2,385, up about 7% and 4% in 24 hours (CoinGecko, 13:04 UTC); the total market stands near $2.62tn.
- 19-20 AugTwo more inflow days, and heavier: roughly $517m net into the spot Bitcoin ETFs on the 19th and $606m on the 20th, the heaviest day of the month, IBIT taking $503m of the 20th's total (Farside data).
- 19 AugThe US Treasury says it will at least double its long-end buyback operations, to at least $4bn per operation from 9 September; long yields fell and the crypto rally accelerated the same week (Treasury's own release).
- 18 AugA second straight inflow day: $189m net into the spot Bitcoin ETFs, IBIT taking about three quarters, while the spot ETH funds add $71m with ETHA dominant (Farside data).
- 17 AugInflows return: roughly $298m net into the spot Bitcoin funds, over $160m of it IBIT, ending a five-session flat-to-down run that began 10 August (Farside data).
- 15 AugGoldman Sachs agrees to pay up to $2.25bn for NEOS Investments, whose 19 options-income ETFs hold $30bn, including the largest bitcoin and ether income funds. Read more →
- 15 AugUBS's 13F shows 1.95 million IBIT call underlying shares at 30 June against 80,000 three months earlier, while its put line more than halved. Read more →
- StandingIBIT dominates the traffic in both directions.
- StandingTokenised real-world assets stand at $38.61bn on RWA.xyz's distributed-asset-value counter at the 2 October check, 0.78% lower than 30 days earlier. Read more →