AI · Reference
AI Index
The structured reference behind the AI desk: models, agents, tools, frameworks and companies, searchable, each with a source on the card.
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- 28 Oct 2026
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73 entries · sector notes verified 28 Oct 2026
LLMsGoogle announced Gemini 4 Carbon on 28 October, starting with selected cyber defenders through Fairwind. Wider access is planned. Its announced introductory prices are $2 input and $10 output per million tokens. Carbon is Model of the Week; OpenAI’s new GPT-6.1 Terra remains listed separately.16
Overview
Where things standGoogle announced Gemini 4 Carbon on 28 October, starting with selected cyber defenders through Fairwind. Wider access is planned. Its announced introductory prices are $2 input and $10 output per million tokens. Carbon is Model of the Week; OpenAI’s new GPT-6.1 Terra remains listed separately.
- Gemini 4 Carbon
Google DeepMind’s new frontier model
Announced on 28 October. Initial access is for selected cyber defenders through Fairwind, with wider access planned. Introductory token prices are $2 input and $10 output per million, with cached input at $0.10.
Our guide →blog.google ↗ - GPT-6.1 Terra
Visual reasoning and computer use
Released on 26 October. Standard API prices are $1 input and $5 output per million tokens, with $0.05 cached input. Tool calling uses the Responses API; paid subscribers can select Terra in Work and Codex.
Our guide →developers.openai.com ↗ - Nemotron 3.5 Super VL and Bolt
NVIDIA models for visual agents
NVIDIA announced Super VL and Bolt on 15 October. Super VL supports up to 1M tokens; Bolt 74B-A9B supports up to 256K with a 24GB packed model.
Our guide →blogs.nvidia.com ↗ - Mercury 3
Diffusion language model
Inception launched Mercury 3 on 19 October. Its launch API rates are $0.10 input and $0.35 output per million tokens; standard rates are $0.20 and $0.70.
Our guide →www.inceptionlabs.ai ↗ - Muse Spark Open
Meta’s downloadable multimodal model
Released on 15 October, with about 816B total and 42B active parameters. It accepts text, images, audio and video and produces text, under the Muse Model License.
Our guide →research.meta.ai ↗ - MiniMax M3.1 Flash
Coding and tool use
Launched on 19 October. MiniMax lists $0.15 input and $0.60 output per million tokens; downloadable weights are planned later.
Our guide →www.minimax.io ↗ - Muse Wonder
Meta’s new reasoning and coding family
Meta launched Muse Wonder and Muse Wonder Full on 12 October. Wonder has a one-million-token context and a developer preview at $4 input and $20 output per million tokens. Wonder Full starts in the Power and Maximum Muse Code plans.
Our guide →meta.ai ↗ - Claude
Anthropic's frontier family
Anthropic recommends Opus 5.5 as a starting point for most work at $4 input and $20 output per million tokens. Sonnet 5.5 costs $2/$10, with cache reads reduced to $0.10 on 7 October. Haiku 5.5 launched that day: $0.10/$0.50 for prompts up to 100,000 tokens, rising to $0.50/$2.50 above that threshold. Fable 5.1 remains the $10/$50 tier for demanding reasoning. The 5 October Artificial Analysis observation remains dated below.
Our guide →claude.ai ↗ - GPT-6
OpenAI's new generation: Astra, Sol and Luna
OpenAI’s range includes Astra for demanding work, GPT-6.1 Sol for complex coding and professional tasks, Terra for visual computer work, and Luna for focused high-volume jobs. Their standard input/output prices per million tokens are $10/$50, $2/$10, $1/$5 and $0.10/$0.50 respectively.
Our guide →chatgpt.com ↗ - Gemini 4 Argon
Google DeepMind’s new frontier model
Gemini 4 Argon became generally available through the Gemini API on 13 October. Google AI Pro and Ultra subscribers can use it in the Gemini app. Its 1,048,576-token budget is shared across input, thinking and output; the default output limit is 65,536 tokens. Introductory API prices of $2 input and $10 output per million tokens last through 30 November, then rise to $4/$20.
Our guide →gemini.google.com ↗ - Grok 4.7
xAI's flagship line
Grok 4.7, released 21 September 2026, holds the 500K context at $2 in and $6 out per million tokens, the same price as Grok 4.6. A prompt past 200,000 tokens re-prices the whole request at the long-context tier. On xAI's own seven-benchmark launch table it beats Grok 4.6 on every row and takes the best score on two, against four for Fable 5.1 Max at $10 and $50.
Our guide →grok.com ↗ - Kimi K3.1 Pro
Moonshot’s current flagship
K3.1 Pro and Highspeed are available through Kimi, Work, Code and the API. Code rolled out on 23 October with high reasoning effort by default. The release post plans downloadable weights by 4 November.
Our guide →www.kimi.com ↗ - Qwen 3.8 Max
Alibaba's flagship line
Alibaba's flagship: 2.4 trillion parameters with 95 billion active, a 1M-token window, $2/$6 per million tokens, launched 3 August 2026. The promised open weights landed on the official Qwen Hugging Face pages around 13 August, in standard and FP8 form, with a 27B sibling alongside.
Our guide →chat.qwen.ai ↗ - GLM-5 series
Z.ai's agent-endurance models
GLM-5.3 (14 August 2026) runs the GLM-5.2 base with heavier post-training, and its full 753B weights landed on Hugging Face on 28 August under a custom glm-5.3 licence rather than MIT. GLM-5.3-Flash (26 August, MIT, 320B with 18B active, 1M context) is the open workhorse, and the model Z.ai had been testing anonymously as ox-alpha.
Our guide →z.ai ↗ - DeepSeek
The price-floor setter
DeepSeek-V4.1-Flash arrived on 10 September 2026 under an MIT licence: 552 billion backbone parameters, 8 billion active reading a prompt and 16 billion writing one, a 1M-token context and native image reading. Its global KV cache holds 890 bytes per token, and output runs $0.6 per million off-peak against $1.2 at peak. V4-Pro-0813 remains on the API at its own rates.
Our guide →deepseek.com ↗ - Muse Spark
Meta's proprietary frontier
Meta Superintelligence Labs' first Muse model (8 April 2026) reasons with parallel agents in Contemplating mode; Muse Spark 1.1 (9 July) added a 1M context, tool and computer use, and a paid API. On 11 August 2026 Meta opened Muse Glimmer under Apache 2.0, dropping the Llama licence rules.
Our guide →ai.meta.com ↗
Image generationImage models increasingly support repeated, local edits. Ideogram 4.5 offers Precise Edit, Tencent has an HY Image 3.5 preview, and xAI’s current Image 2.0 API accepts up to five references.9
Overview
Where things standImage models increasingly support repeated, local edits. Ideogram 4.5 offers Precise Edit, Tencent has an HY Image 3.5 preview, and xAI’s current Image 2.0 API accepts up to five references.
- GPT Image 2
OpenAI's reasoning image line
OpenAI's image line holds the arena's top three seats, with the Images 2.5 Sunburst and Flare variants first and second and GPT Image 2 third. The first mainstream model family that reasons about a brief, checks references and self-corrects before rendering.
Our guide →chatgpt.com ↗ - Nano Banana Pro
Google's editing powerhouse
Gemini 3 Pro's image engine: native 4K, best-in-class edits and character consistency. Nano Banana 2 covers the fast-and-cheap end of the family.
Our guide →gemini.google.com ↗ - Midjourney V8.2
The art direction standard
Still the strongest pure art direction. V8.2 took the default seat on 24 July with Personalization profiles as the headline upgrade, on top of V8.1's native 2048px output; Niji 7 handles anime styles.
Our guide →midjourney.com ↗ - FLUX.2
Black Forest Labs' open family
The open-weight family to beat: Pro, Flex, Dev and Klein tiers, camera-accurate lighting and up to ten reference images for character consistency.
Our guide →bfl.ai ↗ - Ideogram
Text rendering specialist
The reliable choice when the image must carry words: posters, logos, packaging and layout-aware design work.
Our guide →ideogram.ai ↗ - Recraft V4
Design-first generation
Built for designers rather than prompters: vector output, exact brand colours and print-ready renders straight from the model.
Our guide →recraft.ai ↗ - Seedream
ByteDance's value line
ByteDance's image line delivers 4K output at some of the lowest per-image prices on the market, with strong bilingual text rendering.
Our guide →seed.bytedance.com ↗ - MAI-Image-2.6
Microsoft AI's image model
Microsoft AI's in-house image model took second place on the arena text-to-image board at its 10 August launch, ahead of Google, Meta and xAI, with text rendering up 91 Elo on Microsoft's own figures and a focus on product, branding and photoreal work; on the board read 27 September it sits fourth on 1335.
microsoft.ai ↗ - Firefly Image 5
Adobe's licensed-data model
Trained on licensed data with indemnification for enterprise use, and now a hub that also fronts partner models inside Creative Cloud.
Our guide →adobe.com ↗
Video generationGoogle announced Genie 4 on 27 October. It generates worlds that respond to keyboard controls and typed instructions, with sound, music and dialogue. Access starts with trusted testers; Project Genie for Google AI Ultra and early API partners are planned next. FLUX 3 Max remains a separate video-generation service, with its launch discount running through 7 November.12
Overview
Where things standGoogle announced Genie 4 on 27 October. It generates worlds that respond to keyboard controls and typed instructions, with sound, music and dialogue. Access starts with trusted testers; Project Genie for Google AI Ultra and early API partners are planned next. FLUX 3 Max remains a separate video-generation service, with its launch discount running through 7 November.
- FLUX 3 Max
Short videos from text or images
Developed by fal Research with Black Forest Labs. The current Max endpoint offers 5–20-second clips, 720p or 1080p, and generated audio. Promotional prices run through 7 November.
Our guide →fal.ai ↗ - Seedance 2.0 / 2.5
ByteDance's board contender
Seedance 2.5 sits second on the video-editing board, four points behind Wan 3.0, and fourth on image-to-video. One model generates picture and sound together in 30-second single passes, so lips, foley and music actually match the frame.
Our guide →seed.bytedance.com ↗ - Veo 3.1
Google DeepMind's flagship
Native 48kHz dialogue, 4K output and SynthID provenance marks. The default choice where brand safety and clean licensing decide the choice. Its Gemini API previews may retire from 22 October 2026, with Gemini Omni 1.1 Flash the named replacement; the Vertex AI models run to 17 November 2026 or later.
Our guide →labs.google ↗ - Kling 3.0
Kuaishou's value flagship
Native 4K at 60fps, 15-second multi-shot storyboards and lip-sync in five languages, at roughly $0.10 a second.
Our guide →klingai.com ↗ - Sora 2
OpenAI · retired
Retired: app and web access closed on 26 April and the API shut down on 24 September 2026. The page is a migration guide for the teams that built on it.
Our guide →openai.com ↗ - Runway Gen-4.5
The filmmaker's control surface
No longer top of the leaderboards but still the best control surface in the business: motion brushes, keyframes and a real editing timeline.
Our guide →runwayml.com ↗ - Ray3 · Dream Machine
Luma's HDR pioneer
First native 16-bit HDR video model, with Ray3 Modify for video-to-video work inside the Dream Machine 2.0 studio.
Our guide →lumalabs.ai ↗ - Wan 2.7 / 3.0
Alibaba's video family
Wan 3.0 (24 August 2026) generates 30-second single-pass clips, takes documents, slides and web pages as input, and tops the video-editing arena; its weights are not yet published. Wan 2.7 runs on hosted APIs, and the openly published weights of the family stop at Wan 2.2 under Apache 2.0.
Our guide →wan.video ↗ - LTX-2.3
Lightricks' open 4K model
A 22B open model producing native 4K at 50fps with stereo audio, under the LTX-2 Community License, free for organisations below $10m in annual revenue. Its successor LTX-2.5, also 22B, has had open weights since 23 July 2026.
Our guide →lightricks.com ↗ - Hailuo · MiniMax-H3
MiniMax's motion specialist
MiniMax's line is prized for expressive, physical motion: the model animators reach for when movement has to feel alive. Its H3 model now tops the image-to-video arena.
Our guide →hailuoai.video ↗ - FLUX 3 Video
Black Forest Labs' video debut
Black Forest Labs' first video family, rolled out in early August, sits third on the text-to-video arena on 1,493 Elo behind Google's two Omni Flash models and a point ahead of Grok Imagine Video 1.5's agent mode, with Wan 3.0 sixth (board read 27 September). FLUX 3 Action, the 7B robot-control model, followed on 23 September.
Our guide →bfl.ai ↗ - Gemini Omni 1.1 Flash
conversational video generation
Google's conversational video line. Omni 1.1 Flash (27 August 2026) adds end frames, scene extension to a cumulative 40 seconds, a 360p draft mode at a third of the cost, and 1080p or 4K export; it tops the text-to-video arena and sits second on image-to-video.
Our guide →deepmind.google ↗
Agentic frameworks / routingNewly indexed advisories cover model loaders and tool servers, with different conditions for each exposure. Unsloth’s loading fixes and the MCP Python client fixes predate their latest technical coverage. Several third-party MCP shell-command reports remain proofs of concept. Microsoft’s ARTEX and Unit 42 campaign reports separately describe observed criminal activity.10
Overview
Where things standNewly indexed advisories cover model loaders and tool servers, with different conditions for each exposure. Unsloth’s loading fixes and the MCP Python client fixes predate their latest technical coverage. Several third-party MCP shell-command reports remain proofs of concept. Microsoft’s ARTEX and Unit 42 campaign reports separately describe observed criminal activity.
- OpenClaw
Self-hosted agent gateway
The breakout self-hosted gateway: one daemon, twenty-plus messaging channels, skills and scheduled jobs, any model behind it. Since April it needs API billing rather than a Claude subscription, and it should be hardened before exposure.
Our guide →openclaw.ai ↗ - Hermes Agent
Self-improving open agent
Nous Research's open-source, self-hosted agent, and the one that changes as you use it: finishing a task writes a reusable skill back into the agent. Version 0.20.6 (27 August) added consent-gated real-profile browsing from a managed copy of your Chrome profile, off by default; the Herald release (3 August) added real-time voice and an agent-to-agent protocol.
Our guide →hermes-agent.nousresearch.com ↗ - Claude Cowork
Merged into Claude
Folded into one Claude on 16 September 2026, rollout starting with Pro and Max: the file-and-app agentic work Cowork carried now runs in ordinary Claude chat, with Claude Docs and Slides launched in beta alongside. Its original launch is what markets nicknamed the SaaSpocalypse.
claude.com ↗ - Gemini Spark
Google's always-on agent
Google's always-on agent living in a cloud VM: deep Gmail, Docs and Calendar access, MCP connectors from day one, and it keeps working while your laptop sleeps.
gemini.google.com ↗ - ChatGPT Agent
OpenAI's consumer agent
Agent mode inside ChatGPT with its own virtual computer for browsing, files and multi-step tasks under supervision.
chatgpt.com ↗ - Claude Agent SDK
Anthropic's builder stack
The loop behind Claude Code, embeddable in your own product, alongside a managed runtime (beta) where Anthropic hosts the agent for you.
docs.claude.com ↗ - OpenAI Agents SDK
Handoffs and guardrails
OpenAI's production framework with explicit handoffs, guardrails and tracing; MCP support landed early this year.
openai.github.io ↗ - Model Context Protocol
The connector standard
The USB-C of agent tooling: one protocol that lets any client use any tool or data server. Every major platform now speaks it.
Our guide →modelcontextprotocol.io ↗ - OpenRouter
One API, every model
One API over every major model with live rankings drawn from real usage: the quickest way to A/B models behind an agent without rewrites. Its Ori CLI (4 August 2026) tunes Claude Code, Codex, OpenCode and Hermes to run through the gateway. Stripe agreed to acquire it on 19 August; name, product and roadmap stay.
openrouter.ai ↗ - ChatGPT Work
OpenAI's finished-work agent
OpenAI's agent for long-running jobs (9 July 2026): it works for hours and returns finished documents, spreadsheets, slides and web apps. It launched on GPT-5.6, and since 29 September Plus, Pro, Business, Enterprise and Edu users can run it on GPT-6.1 Sol.
openai.com ↗
AI coding & dev toolsGitHub made Copilot Fusion generally available on 28 October. It selects models and can combine their work through single-model, cascade or critique workflows. Standard, High and Max are effort settings. Model availability follows organisation policies. The Copilot app’s Projects and computer-use features have separate public-preview status.8
Overview
Where things standGitHub made Copilot Fusion generally available on 28 October. It selects models and can combine their work through single-model, cascade or critique workflows. Standard, High and Max are effort settings. Model availability follows organisation policies. The Copilot app’s Projects and computer-use features have separate public-preview status.
- Claude Code
Anthropic's terminal agent
Terminal-native and repo-aware, with Dynamic Workflows for long unattended runs; Anthropic's docs list Opus 5.5 as its default on Pro, Max, Team, Enterprise and the Anthropic API, with Fable 5.1 the tier above it, picked by hand. Included with a Claude Pro plan.
Our guide →claude.com ↗ - Cursor
SpaceX's AI-native editor
The AI-native editor, a SpaceX company since 14 August 2026: Tab completions plus Composer cloud agents that work branches in parallel VMs, running Claude, Gemini and Grok, with OpenAI models due to leave on 12 November unless the wind-down is resolved.
Our guide →cursor.com ↗ - GitHub Copilot
The installed-base leader
Copilot Fusion became generally available on 28 October. It combines model selection and orchestration, with Standard, High and Max effort settings across VS Code, the Copilot app, CLI and JetBrains. Organisation model policies still apply.
github.com ↗ - Codex
OpenAI's cloud engineer
OpenAI's asynchronous cloud engineer: give it an issue and it returns a tested pull request. Since 29 September OpenAI's Codex docs point complex coding at GPT-6.1 Sol and focused, repeatable tasks at Luna, with GPT-5.6 Sol, Terra and Luna kept during the rollout.
Our guide →openai.com ↗ - Antigravity 2.0
Google's agent-first IDE
Google's agent-first IDE built around the Gemini 3.5 line, with a browser-testing loop and a generous free tier via a Google account.
antigravity.google ↗ - Devin Desktop
Windsurf's successor
Windsurf's next chapter after the Cognition deal: the Devin autonomous engineer wrapped in the familiar editor, relaunched in June.
Our guide →cognition.ai ↗ - Kiro
AWS's spec-driven agent IDE
Amazon's take: spec-first development where agents implement against written requirements, aimed at teams that want process over improvisation.
kiro.dev ↗ - Replit Agent
Prompt to deployed app
From prompt to deployed app in one place: environment, database and hosting handled for you. The fastest route for non-specialists.
replit.com ↗
AI companiesAnthropic filed its public S-1 on 26 October for a proposed Nasdaq listing under ANT. The offering’s share count and price range remain to be set. Google’s Genie 4 starts as a trusted-tester research preview, while OpenAI’s GPT-6.1 Terra has API, Work and Codex access. Each release has its own availability terms.10
Overview
Where things standAnthropic filed its public S-1 on 26 October for a proposed Nasdaq listing under ANT. The offering’s share count and price range remain to be set. Google’s Genie 4 starts as a trusted-tester research preview, while OpenAI’s GPT-6.1 Terra has API, Work and Codex access. Each release has its own availability terms.
- Mistral
Language, speech and numerical forecasting
Mistral released Timestral on 15 October for forecasting sequences of numbers, such as sensor readings or demand. Its four sizes range from 5M to 209M parameters. The separate Voxtral 3 speech release followed on 20 October, with transcription, voice generation and an agent SDK.
Our guide →mistral.ai ↗ - Anthropic
Maker of Claude
Anthropic filed its public S-1 on 26 October for a proposed offering of Class A shares on Nasdaq under ANT. The number of shares and price range remain to be determined; the filing is a stage in the proposed IPO.
anthropic.com ↗ - OpenAI
Maker of ChatGPT
The GPT-6 generation now leads its range: Astra on 3 September 2026, Sol and Luna on 22 September and GPT-6.1 Sol on 29 September. ChatGPT Work, launched beside GPT-5.6 on 9 July 2026, runs for hours and returns finished documents, spreadsheets and web apps. Astra for Law followed on 17 September 2026: GPT-6 Astra over a 230-million-URL case-law index, with Sullivan & Cromwell, Ropes & Gray and Cooley named as early builders.
openai.com ↗ - Google DeepMind
The full-stack player
Gemini 3.1 into 3.5 and now Gemini 4 Argon, announced on 30 September and generally available through the API from 13 October, Nano Banana for images, Veo and Omni Flash for video, Spark for agents, and TPUs underneath it all. Since early August, Demis Hassabis chairs while Koray Kavukcuoglu leads day to day.
deepmind.google ↗ - SpaceXAI (xAI)
Maker of Grok
Rebranded SpaceXAI on 6 July 2026 after February's merger into SpaceX and a June Nasdaq listing. SpaceX's $60bn all-stock purchase of Anysphere, maker of Cursor, closed on 14 August, and NVIDIA says Grok's next agentic workloads will run on its Vera Rubin platform.
x.ai ↗ - Moonshot AI
Maker of Kimi
Moonshot’s Kimi family now includes K3.1 Pro and Highspeed. The 23 October Code rollout is separate from the later release-post date and the planned weight release.
Our guide →moonshot.ai ↗ - Alibaba · Qwen
China's broadest stack
Ships the open Qwen line, and delivered on the Max-tier promise: Qwen3.8-Max's 2.4-trillion-parameter weights landed on Hugging Face on 8 August 2026. QwenWork, its all-in-one agent workplace, opened an international beta on 26 August; China's anthropomorphic-agent rules took Qwen's human-like companions offline in July.
qwen.ai ↗ - ByteDance
The media-model power
Dominant in media models: ByteDance develops Seedance video models; preference rankings depend on the board and observation date.
seed.bytedance.com ↗ - DeepSeek
The price-collapse lab
The lab whose open releases forced the whole market to justify its margins; its next-generation signals keep that pressure on.
deepseek.com ↗ - Meta Superintelligence Labs
Meta's frontier lab
Moved Meta's frontier work from open-weight Llama to the proprietary Muse family, and began charging developers for Muse Spark 1.1 through the Meta Model API on 9 July 2026.
ai.meta.com ↗
Learning & resourcesThe stack changes monthly; the way to stay current is primary documentation plus live leaderboards, not year-old tutorials.8
Overview
Where things standAi2’s AstaBrief turns a research question and supplied literature excerpts into a report with citations. Its open weights and example workflow let researchers test it with their own PDFs. Ai2 reports that Asta’s complete Fast-mode process averages 51.1 seconds, against 178.5 seconds for Thinking mode. Those results come from the company’s tests, largely completed in 2025.
- Claude Docs & Academy
Anthropic's guides and courses
Model guides, prompting best practice and the Agent SDK reference, plus free certification courses.
docs.claude.com ↗ - OpenAI Cookbook
Runnable API recipes
Hands-on, runnable examples for the API, agents and evals; the fastest way from idea to working call.
cookbook.openai.com ↗ - Google AI Studio
Free Gemini playground
Free Gemini playground with generous limits: prototype prompts, tune settings and export working code.
aistudio.google.com ↗ - Hugging Face
Home of open models
The home of open weights: models, datasets, Spaces demos and the free training courses behind them.
huggingface.co ↗ - MCP Documentation
The connector standard's docs
The spec, SDKs and server gallery for the connector standard every agent platform adopted.
Our guide →modelcontextprotocol.io ↗ - Artificial Analysis
Independent model benchmarks
Independent, continuously updated comparisons of quality, speed and price across every major model.
artificialanalysis.ai ↗ - LMArena
Human preference leaderboard
Blind head-to-head votes from millions of users; the leaderboard that reflects taste rather than test sets.
arena.ai ↗ - Stanford AI Index
The annual state of AI
The definitive yearly measurement of the field: capability trends, economics and policy in one report.
hai.stanford.edu ↗
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